Machine tool



Aprifi 20, 19370 F. A. PARSONS a MACHINE TOOL I Filed Aug. 19, 1955 a Shets-Sheet 1 A INVENTO g/L446 d/W ATTORNEY April 20, 1937. PARSONS 2,077,434

MACHINE TOOL Filed Aug. 19, 1955 e Sheets-Sheet 2 A INVENTfifi W MM ATTORNEY v Aprifi 20, 1937.. F A. PARSONS MACHINE TOOL Filed Aug. 19, 1955 6 Sheefcs-Sheet s MEN? 7 ATTORNEY A ril 20, 1937. F. A. PASNS 2,071,43

MACHINE TOOL Filed Aug. 19, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 l y #4 a M5 n INVENTO ATTORNEY April 1937. F. A. PARSONS 2,077,434

MACHINE TOOL Filed Aug. 19, 1935 6 sheetsesheet 6 2 4 223 i/az 225 INVENTOR Z1 4 WW ATTOR N EY Patented Apr. 20, 1937 UNITED STATES;

3,077,434 MACHINE Toot,

Fred a Parsons, Milwaukee, Wis., ime to Kearney & Trecker Corporation, West Allis,

Wis.

Application August 19,

' This invention relates to machine won; and more particularly to a milling machine transmission and. control mechanism.

An object of the invention is to provide an use of lost motion mechanical snap over devices, to obtain certain advantages to be had in the absence of such devices, and to avoid certain ob-. l5 j'ectionable features attendant upon the use of such devices. 1 x U 1 A further purpose is to provide improved auto matic reversing means, particularly as to.'\. greaterdegree of accuracy in effecting reversal at a which operates substantially without variation in the point of reversal, irrespective of changes in the forward rate, and irrespective of varia- J -tions in the forward load. v

A further purpose is to provide an improved transmission for machine tools in whichdthe direction and alternative feed or quick traverse rate are determined by separateand individually operable mechanisms, and'to provide improved control means therefor in which the controls for direction and for alternative feed or quick traverse rate are independently operable, but'tlie automatic control of direction is' interrelated or interconnectegl with the control for alternative teed or'quick traverse rate in such manner that, ir-

respective of whether the forward movement is at feed or-quick traverse rate, the-reverse movement invariably starts at quick traverse rate; andparticularly for the control of milling machine tables. 40 A further purpose is to effect an improved control for the main clutch of a machine tool, and particularly for the spindle clutch in' amilling machine, and to provide interconnection or inter-- relation of the clutch'control with other transand especially where the direction and other controls are interconnected as indicated in the last preceding paragraph.

A further purpose isto provide an improved form of control mechanism at least in part hydraulically operated, particularly for some or 'all of the purposes herein mentioned, and especially where a part of the control mechanism of the machine is manually operated.

predetermined point of forward movement, and

mission and control mechanism of the machine,

A further purpose is generally to simplify and 1935, Serial no; 36,766 (01. 90-21) imp imve the construction and operation of machine tools, and particularly of milling machines,- and.especially for one or more of the purposes previously mentioned and still other improve- V ments .andpurposes will be apparent from. the -,5 description and claims.

The invention consists'in the construction and combination of parts as herein illustrated, described, and claimed, and'in such modification. of the structure illustrated and. described as equivalent to the structures of the claims.

Figure 1 is a right side elevation, partly insection,- of a milling machine incorporating the invention.

Figure 2 is a front elevation-ot the same machine, partlyoin section taken approximately along line 2"2 of Fig. l. v

Figure 3 .is a partial section taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2 and enlarged.

Figure 4 is an enlarged the same machine, and with portions 01' the supporting structureibroken away to show some of the interior mechanism.

Figure 5 is a partial vertical section taken proximately along line 5-5of Fi 4.

Figure 6 is a partial vertical section taken approximately along line 6-.-.6 of Fig. 4.

' Figure '7 is a semi-diagrammatic development of certain transmission mechanism and some of the control mechanism of the machine. FigureS is a semi-digfmmatic development of certain of the contro 'echanism'ot the machine. Like parts are identified by the same reiterence characters throughout; A

The machine here shown to illustrate the in-. vention is a milling machine of the type having a fixed height reciprocatory work support or table I and a bodily vertically movable and rotatable tool spindle Abed or base 3 supports 40 spindle 2 and table ,I the spindle being iournaled in a transversely movablequill member 4', which is guided in a vertically movable carrier member 5,. Carrier-'5 is guided in a supporting structure 6 in any suitable manner. Both members 4 and 5 may be adjusted and locked or clamped in various positions of their adjustment by any suitable adjusting and clamp means, not shown. A transmission is provided for rotation of spindle 2, asiollows: A motor-'l, Fig. 2] is housed in baset and drives a pulley 1a through apulley 8 and belt means 9. Pulley la is fixed at one end of a shaft member ID, Fig. '1, at the other end of which is fixed the driving element ll of, a multiple plate'iriction type .main clutchgenerally partial front view of 20? 2 denoted by the numeral I2. -When clutch I2 is (engaged a shaft I3 is driven from motor 1. At an intermediate point shaft I3 carries a spindle reverser generally denoted bynumeral I4, Figs. 2, 3 5 which comprises bevel gears I5, I6, I1 ,and a clutch member I8 manually engageable by a hand lever I8a, Fig. 2, to drive gear I"! in either direction. The driven gear I1 is fixedon a shaft I9 and .drives a shaft 20, Fi'g. 2 through a spindle rate 10 changer generally denoted by the numeral 2| and comprising a plurality of sets of interchangeable and reversible gear pairs such as gears 22, 23. The shaft 20 drives a bevel gear 24, Figs. 1, 2, vertically movable with the spindle carrier 5, through bevel gears 25, 26 and a vertical spline shaft 21, the gear 25 being fixed on shaft 20, and gear 26 slidably keyed with shaft 21-. A beyel gear 28, Fig. 1, meshes with gear 24 and drives a pinion 29 through an extensible coupling 30, the pinion 29 meshing with a gear. 3| fixed on tool spindle 2.

The main clutch I2 includes-driving member II, Fig. 7, a drivenmember 32 fixed with shaft I3 and the friction plates 33 which are alternatively keyed withthe driving and driven members and slidable into mutual friction engagement. An abutment plate 34 may be shifted by a lever 35 to force the friction plates together and against an abutment 36 which is adjustable on member 32 to compensate for wear. The lever is operated from a clutch spool 31 to engage or to re- Y lease clutch I2, the spool 31 being shiftable by the means of a fork or shifter 38 fixed on a shifter rod 39 which is selectively movable by means 35 later described.

A brake, generally denoted by the numeral 40, Fig. 7, is operative on shaft l3 and on the transmission driven therethrough, in the clutch releasing position'of the main clutch I2. Brake 4i! 40 comprises an abutment 4| fixed with bed 3, mutually engageable friction plates 42, an adjustable abutment 43 and a lever 44 which is shifted to engage the brake upon the clutch releasing movement of shifter spool 31, by the means of a mem-. 45 ber 45 fixed to move with the spool. A feed rate train for table 3 is driven through main clutch I2 from shaft I3, which extends forward and drives a gear 46, Figs. 4, '7, meshin with a gear 41, the gear 46 being fixed on a shaft 48 coaxial with shaft I3 and driven therefrom through a splined coupling 49. Gear 41 is fixed on a shaft 50, Fig. 4, whichdrives a shaft 5|, Figs. 4, 7, through a feed rate changer generally de noted by the numeral 52, Fig. 4, and comprising a plurality of interchangeable and reversibm, gear pairs such as gears 55, 56, the driving and driven. gears being removably keyed with shafts 50 and 5I respectively, and the intermediate gears being each removably keyed on a shaft 5'|.' Shaft 5| drives a coaxial shaft 58, 'Fig. 7 through a coupling member 59. mounted on ,shaft 58, but is normally driven at shaft speed through an overload release device comprising a member, 6| having angular faced "end teeth pressed into engagement with complementary clutch teeth 62 on the end face of the worm. In the event of overload the member 6| is forced back against the resistance of a spring 581:0 disengage the clutch teeth, engaging again at the load is reduced. Worm 90 engages a worm wheel 64,-Fig. '7, rotatable on a shaft 65, the worm wheel being fixed with an outer driving member of an over-running clutch .device having an. inner. driven cam member 61 fixed on shaft 65,

75 and l'iaving a plurality of. driving rollers is intertion the rapid traverse train drives the shaft 65.

-a gear 89 through an intermediate gear 90, and

lever .IOI, Figs. 1, 4, 6. Lever I01 is mounted A worm is rotatabiy mediate between the outer and inner members 66, 61, and operative in the usual manner to drive shaft from worm wheel 64 and member 66, except when the shaft is itself driven by other means at a rate faster than the rate of member 5 66. An annular member has side projections 10 interposed as spacers between the rollers 68.

A rapid traverse train fortable I is driven from the motor I exclusive of the main clutch I2. I This train includes shaft I0, Fig. 7, the meshed gears II, I2, shaft 13, meshed bevel gears 14, I5, and meshed gears 16, 11. Gear ll is rotatably mounted on a sleeve 18 which in turn is rotatably mounted on shaft 65, sleeve 18 being normally driven at a relatively fast or rapid traverse rate through an overload device which includes mutually engaging friction discs 19 and aspring 80 continuously urging the discs into friction engagement, the alternate discs being keyed to the extended hub 8| of gear l1, and to sleeve 18. The shaft 65, which is normally driven at feed rate through the overrunning clutch as previously explained, may be alternatively driven at quick traverse rate from sleeve 18 through a clutch member 82 which is fixed on shaft 65 andprovidedwithend teeth adapted for engagement by complementary clutch teeth 83 on the end of sleeve I8, the

;sleeve 78 being axially shiftable bythe means of Shaft 65 drives table I through a table train comprising .a reverser generally denoted by the numeral 86, Fig. 7, which includes oppositely running gears 81, 88, respectively driven from 40 from a gear 9I which meshes directly with the gear] 88. The reverser 86 includes a clutch member 92 having teeth 93, 94 respectively at its opposite ends and adapted to engage complementary clutch teeth on the faces of the gears 81, 88. A gear ,95 is fixed on clutch member 92 and is engaged by a shifter fork 96 for shifting the clutch member. Gear, 95 drives atable screw 91 through a gear.98 fixed on a sleeve 99, which is slidably keyed with the screw, the screw being journaled to move with the table I in the usual' manner and engaging a nut I00 fixed with bed 3. The reverser clutchmember 92 may be engaged for either direction of table movement or shifted to anintermediate position to stop the table by means later described.

For manual shifting of the feed and rapid traverse clutch fork 85, Fig. 7, and of the reverser clutch fork 95, Fig. 7, there is provided a hand 60 for universal movement, either to right or left in Fig. 4, or in and out in Fig. 6, the lever oscillating about either of twopivots, one being a pivot pin I02, Fig. 6, and another being the axis of arotatable'sleeve I03, which carries the pivot pin"l02. The in and out movement of lever Ill is connected for the movement of feed and quick traverse shifter 'fork 85 by the means of the leverend I54, a-shifter rod I05, Fig. 6, axially movable in a bore in sleeve I03, a lever I55 having arms I01. I08, and a member I05 fixed on a shifter rod I I0, upon which the shifter fork 85 is also fixed as shown in Fig. 5. i

The right and left movement of lever "I is connected for the movement of reverser shifter manual operation of lever ml for engaging re fork 86 bythe means of pin I02 and lever end I84, Fig. 6, sleeve "I03, a member III fixed on the end ofthe sleeve, a pin H2, and a member II3 engaged by pin H2 and fixed on a shifter rod 5 4, upon which the shifter fork 86- is also fixed as shown in Figs. 4, 5.

For dog operated shifting of the feed and rapid v traverse clutch fork 85, and of the reverser clutch fork 86 there isprovided a dog operable sleeve member II5, Figs. 4, 5 which may oscillate ona vertical axis and a control post II5a which is dog II8 when the table is moving to the left.

such dogs, of suitable form, being used to shift the post up or down axially. Sleeve H5 is provided with dog abutment members II5b, H50

and other dogs, such as I20, I2I, Fig. 4, respec-;

tively contact the abutments II5b, II5c during right and left hand table movements to turn the sleeve and post in opposite directions. The various dogs are provided with suitable angular con- .tactsurfaces to effect the described movement during the travel 'of the table.

The vertical movement of postI'ISa is connected to shift the feed and quick traverse shifter i'ork'85 by the means of a pivoted lever 'I22, Figs. 4, 5, having an arm I23 carrying apin I24 engaging the lower end of post I I5a, and an arm I25 carrying a pm I 26, which'engages a slot in a member I2'I,,which may be the"\l iub of 'feed and quick traverse shifter fork 85.

. The oscillatory,,movement of sleeve I I5 is connected to shift the reverser shifter fork 88 by 40 the means ofa segment member I28,'Fig's. 4, 5,

fixedon sleeve H5 and having gear teeth engaging with suitable rack teeth on a member I30,

which is fixed on the shifter rod II4 on reverser shifter fork 86 is also fixed.

The various connections of the control post to the hand lever IN and to the shifter forks 85, 86 is such that when the hand lever is moved to cause table travel to the right inFig. 4, the resulting oscillation of. post II5a turns the lug 50 II! to a position' to be operated upon by the lower line of'dogs such as H8, and turns the lug- II6 out of dog contacting position, as indicated in Fig. 5. Similarly, table movement to the left direction of table movement may, therefore, be.

dog controlled without regard for trolling the other direction.

The dogs I20, I 2| are used only for stopping the dogs con the table, there being other means provided toeffect automatic reversal, as will be later explained. These dogs are, therefore only of such height as will return sleeve/I I5 and post 50. to

5 their central position of oscillation, which corresponds to the disengaged position of' reverser which clutch member 82. In this position neither of verser clutch member 82 in its previous direction.

thereby preventing the operator, after, a dog-effected'stop, from inadvertently power traversing the table too far. The lever IOI can, however, be immediately operated to effect-reverse movement because the stop dog does not interfere with further manual movement of the sleeve in the same direction of rotation, to effect reversal.

The shifter fork 38 for main clutch I2 and I brake 40; the shifter fork 85 for alternative feed I and quick traverse; and the reverser shifter fork 86 may each be hydraulically operated, and are. interconnected and interdependent to some ex tent and for certain purposes, as will now be described.

-Fluid for operations-just mentioned and for )the lubrication of the machinefis continuously supplied to a channel I32, Fig. 8 from a suitable source 'f fluid pressure, such as a pump generally denotg? by the numeral I 33, Fig. 7. Pump I33 inclu driven through the gears II, I2 and shaft 13, and draws fluid jrom a reservoir in the base 3, diagrammatically indicated at I36, Fig.3. The fluid from channel I32 is delivered to various control devices through control valve mechanism including valves generally denoted by the numerals I31, I38, I38, |40, I4I,1=ig. 8,'and I42, Fig. 7, the valves I38, I40, I42 being respectively associated the impellergears I 34, I35 continuously for movement" with the extended ends of the reverser shifter rod I I4 Fig. 8 the feed and rapid traverse shifter-rod IIO, Fig. 81 and the main clutch shifter rod 38, Fig. '7. Also associated1for movement with the several shifterrods are pistons I43, I44 I45 for shifting the respective, rods in accordance with the supply of fluid thereto from the valves.

The main clutch I2 and brake 40 may be operated from the control valves either independently of the position of the feed and quick traverse clutch shifter rod H0, or alternatively in a manner such that whenever the quick traverse train is engaged to drive the table -I then the main clutch I2 is disengaged, and brake 40 is "operative, and whenever the feedtrainis engaged to drive the table I then the main clutch I2,is engaged. Selection of the one or the other action is effected by manually positioning the valve I38 to right or left in Fig. 8, by the means of a hand lever I46, Figs. 4,6, the valve stem. being ex-' tended to connect with a shifter rod- I4 I, Figs. 6, '8, upon which is fixed a member: I48 which is slotted to engage the eccentric end I48 of a shaft I50 which is connected by the gears I 5|, I52 to the shaft I53 upon which hand .-lever I46 is mounted, the lever being provided with a spring pressed detent plunger I54'to retain it in its different positions. When the valve I38 is'in the position shown in Fig. 8 the control of the main' clutch I2 is independent of the position of the feed and quick traverse clutch rod H0, and the end of a shaft I58 upon which hand lever I is also fixed. In the'position of valve I38 just mentioned, 'the,.fluid from channel I32 is supplied to the one or the other of the channels I60, I6 I, Fig. 8, which are respectively connectedto the channels 5011, I6 Ia, Fig.7, whereby to shift piston I45 in the one or the other direction, the course'of the fluid through the valves being as follows. Port I62 of valve I4I may supply fluid to either annular valve groove I63, I64 accordingto 5 the position of valve I 4I as determined by hand lever I55. In the position of valve Ill shown in Fig. 8 the fluid passes to the channel I6I through channels and grooves I63, I65, I66, I61, I66, I69. In the other position of valve I4I, to the left of 10 its position in Fig. 8, the fluid passes to channel I60 through channels and grooves I04, I10, I",

The arrangement is such that if valve I39 is in theposition shown in Fig. 8, the connections just described are obtained in either position of the feed and quick traverse shifter rod H0 and valve I 40. But if the valve I39 is in its othe position, to the right in Fig. 8 the action is di erent; In such case the fluid can reach channels I60 and I6I only through other channels I15, I16. Channels I15, I16 are so related to the grooves of valve I40 that when the feed and quick traverse'shifter rod H0 is inthe position shownin Fig. 9, which is the feed position, then, if valve I39 is in the position just stated, fluid may pass to thechannel I6I through the grooves and channels I65, I66.

I15, I68, I69, whereby to engage main clutch I2,.

instead to the channel I60 through the grooves and channels I62, I11, I18, I19, I16, I80, I14, .whereby to disengage the clutch I2 and engage brake 40. K V a It will be noted that the clutch disengaging effect just mentioned is not dependent upon the position of valve I H and lever I55, since the fluid passes around the valve I through. the exterior groove I62. On the contrary, the clutch engag- -i0 ing effect just mentioned may occur only when the valve I is in the position shown in Fig. 8, and then only if the valve I40 is in feed position. The result of the arrangement is that, when the valve I39 is in-it's automatic spindle stop position, 15 to the right of the position 'shown in Fig. 8, a change from feed to quick traverse drive for the table will stop rotation of the tool spindle 2 irrespective of the position of hand lever I and valve I4I, but the shifting of the feed and quick 5o traverse shifter rod H0 and valve I401;o 'feed position will not start rotation of spindle 2 unless the hand lever I55 and valve I4I-is in clutch engaged position. But since the feed train as well as the spindle train is derived through the clutch I2, as previously described, the table cannot move at a feed rate until the lever I55 andvalve I I connections may be readily perceived in Fig. 8,

the various interconnecting channels will not be recited in detail. a

The table reverser'shifter rod II4 may be bydraulically shifted from the one to the other position of engagement-of reverser 86 through. the intermediate z z position, but only when the valve I31 is properly positioned for this purpose. Hydraulic shifting is not or the position shown in Fig. 8, then fluid will pass 8, which will effect reversal from eft hand to right hand table movement. Valve I31 is normally retained in its central position by the means of a pivoted lever I85, Fig. 4 having an arm I86, Figs. 4, 8 engagi g a suitable slot in the stem -of valve I31, and retained in central position by a pair of spring plungers I81, I88 acting on other arms I89, I90- of the lever I85 as shown in Fig. 4. In this central position of valve I31 a fluid channel I9I, Fig. 8

which communicates with supply channel I32 through channels, I92, I93, I94, is-cut,oif by the valve body. g

The ends I95, I96 of valve I31, Fig. 8, are enclosed to operate as pistons respectively receiving fluid through axial channels I91, I98 and the transverse channels I99, 200 but only when the valve I31 has been shifted out of central position sufficiently to bring one of the valve grooves 20I or 202 into communication with the channel I9I, the other of the grooves then communicating with one of the drain channels 203 or 204 to permit the valve I31 to be shifted. An initial movement of valve I31, sufficient to admit fluid from channel I9I to one end of the valve throughch'annel I91 or I98, iseffected by the one or the other of table dogs 205 or 206, Fig. 4 operating on the exposed u per ends of the spring plungers I81, I88,

the arrangement being such that in either direc-' tion of table travel the movement of valve I31 thus originated by the dog will be in a direction to effect reversal to the other direction, as follows:

As soon as the pressure fluid is admitted to the one or the other valve end I95 or I96, the valve I31 'is instantly shifted by fluid pressure, which then overcomes the springs operating on plungers I81,

I88, Fig. 4, and as the valve I31 moves the channel I9I is connected by the valve ports to the one end or the other of reverser piston I43. Thus the movement of valve I 31 to the left in Fig. 8 supplies fluid to the left end of reverser piston I 43 through the grooves and'channels I9I, 202, 201, 208, 209; and movementof valve I31 to the right in Fig. 8 supplies fluid to the right end of reverser piston I43through the grooves and channels I9I 20I, 2I0. In each instance the other end of the piston I43 is connected to the one ,or the other of the drain channels 203 or 204, through channels which will be apparent in Fig. 8, and therefore will not be described.

When an automatic reversal of table movement is eifected,.as just described, it is desirable, in order to save time and for other reasons, that v the table shall start its reverse movement at rapid traverse rate, irrespective of whether the forward movement was at feed or rapid traverse rate. In many instances the cutter is still cutting up to the instant when reversal takes place,

and since a rapid traverse while the cutter in contact with the work might damage the work or cutters it is necessary that any change from forwardfeed rate to quick traverse rate at the time of reversal should not take place until after forward movement has ceased.

In order to insure that the automatic reverse,

irrespectiveof forward rate, always starts reverse movement at quick traverse rate, the feed either direction of, table movement; The supply of fluid for shifting piston I44 is derived from the reverser piston I43, which, after piston. I43

1b.; has substantially completed its movement for reversal, opens the pressure supply channel 283' .or 2I0, as the case may be, through the cylinder.

of piston I43 to a groove orchannel 2I I, which communicates with the right hand end Fig. 8, of

15 piston I44 through the channels 2", 2I3. The

result is that, irrespective of the direction of movementbf reverser piston I43, an irrespec- .tive of the position of feed and qui k traverse piston I44 before reversal, the completion of 20 reverse movement always finds the piston I44 in quick traverse position, but the arrangement insures that the change in rate shall not take place during forward movement. Immediately after automatic reversal is fully 25 effected, as described, including the change from feed to quick traverse rate in instances where the forward movement was at feed rate, the valve I31 is automatically returned to central position. This is effected as follows: When the piston I44 30 has been shifted to quick traverseposition at the completion of automatic reversal, as just described, then thetwo ends I95, I38 of valve I31 are interconnected to relieve the unbalanced hydraulic pressure previously operating to force 35 valve I31 outo'of central position. Such interconnection then exists through a. channel groove I 2. Fig. 8, in the piston I44, which then .connects togetherthe ends of two channels 2I5, 2I6, respectivelyconnecting with the opposite ends 40 I95, I86 of the valve I31. Immediately following such interconnection and consequent relief pressed ball 224, provides an outlet for relief of fluid through a channel 225 to channel 222 if the other, outlet through channel I84 is momentarily of unbalanced hydraulic pressure on valve I31 the spring plungers I81, I88, Fig. 4, return valve I31 to intermediate position as previously de- 5 scribed.-

It may be noted that if piston I44 and rod IIII I are already in quick traverse position at the time reverse movement starts, then the valve I31 will not be shifted by hydraulic fluid as above de- 1 50 scribed, because the ends of the valve will already be interconnected through the channels 2I4, 2H5, 2I8 whereby no unbalanced hydraulic pressure can be applied tov shift the valve. in such case.

however, the table-I and dogl205, or 288, Fig. 4, 55 will be moving at quick traverse rate and the dog's, operating through the plungers- I81 or I88 will shift valve 1 31' to effect reversal substantially -as quickly as if the valve I31 were moved hydraulically. Such reversal is not as accurate 60 as that effected in the snanner previously described,'but extreme accuracy in 'reversal is not important when the forward movement is at quick traverse rate.

When valve I33 is in central positionthe va- 5 rious channels leading to the ends of valve I31,

to piston I43, and to piston I44 are all connected j to. the one or the other of the drain pipesilll, 284, leaving the pistons free to. be shifted by the manual controls previously described. These 7 connections to the drains are apparent'in Fig. 8 v and therefore will not be described in detail.

' y In the machine as here shown theisame pump I33 is used to supply fluid both for shifting and for lubrication. It is however preferable that the pressure available for shifting should be high I cation,

1 The shifter piston I45, Fig. 7, always stands in the one or the other position corresponding to an engaged clutch I2 or engaged brake 40, and from the previous description it will be apparent that the one or the other of the channels Illa, I8Ia leading to piston I45 is always open to re- 10 ceive fluid from channel I32; Fig. 8, through the channels and grooves leading through the valves I39, I48, I. After the pisto I45 has moved in accordance with the position f the valves, then a channel 2H, Fig. '7 is opened to receive fluid from the one or the other channel ISIla or I6Ia. The fluid from channel I32, Fig. 8l may therefore pass freely to channel 2" except during 'a brief interval when the piston I45 is shifting from one end of its stroke to the other. Channel 2I1 is permanently connected by suitable piping with a channel2 I8, Fig. 8, which in the normal or central position of valve I31 is by-passed through a valve groove 2I9 to a channel 220' connected by piping to aphannel 22I which joins another chan- 26 nel 222 leading to any suitable system of lubri- Thus in the normal central position of valve I31 the fluid supply from. channel I32, Fig. 8, has free access to the lubricating supply line 222, except momentarily when the piston I45 is being 30 shifted. I

But if the valve I31 is shifted from central position slightly in either direction, as by the dog action previously described,v then the by-pass through the valve channel 2 I9 will be temporarily 35 cut off, and relatively high pressure fluid is then available from channel I 32 ,through the chan-' nels I94, I93, I92, I9I for effecting the hydraulic reverse, and other control movements previously described.

A relief valve 223, Fig; 8, consisting of a spring blocked for any reason. 7

-It is, of course, apparent thatthe release of pressure through valve I31 as just described, does not affect the pressure available at all times for I the shifting of the clutchand brake piston I45, and that for this piston the pressure is increased only during the actual shifting of the piston, which is an extremely brief interval.

I It will be noted that the automatic reverse mechanism previously described avoids any necessity forsnap-over detents and lost motion shifting devices for the reverser 86. Also that in the shifting of the clutch 83 to effect a change from feed rate to quick traverse rate or vice versa, by reasonof the over-runningnatureof the connection ofJthe-quick traverse train, there is no need so for any detent or lost motion devices to throw the clutch mechanism across an intermediate disengaged posltion for no such position exists, If the quick traverse train is not engaged then the feedtrain takes up the driving motion through 5 the over-running-clutch device. But it is desirable to provide spring means for engagement of the clutch 83 for dog shifting from-feed to quick traverse rate, for the reason that a positive dos shift might break some of the mechanism leading p on the clutch faces would be too high. To effect both these results the shifter rod H0 is provided with a conical cam 226, Fig. 4, cooperating with a pair of pivoted spring urged elements 221, 228 arranged for the points of the'elements to pass over the points of the cam prior to engagement of clutch 83, whereby to quickly shift the rod I I0 and clutch 83into engaged position and through thef position of slight clutch engagement.

It will, of course, be clear that any of the described modes of. operation of the feed and quick traverse shifter rod H0, either simultaneously with the automatic reversal, or by the dogs 8, H9 unaccompanied by automatic reversal, or manually bythe lever llli, will have the same efl2 and brake". If the control valve I39 is in automatic spindle stop position the shifting of rod I [0 to feed position, by whatever means, will engage the clutch l2, and the shifting of rod H0 to quick traverse position will disengage the clutch l2 and engage the brake 40. And if the control valve I39 is in its other position shifting of the rod 1 l0 will have no effect on the clutch and brake.

What is claimed is: 1-. In a machine tool, the combination of a toolsupport and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of,said supports including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, a shiftable reverser operative to change the direction of said relative movement, and a selector shiftable to effect said relative movement alter-.- natively through the one or the other of said trains; and control means for said transmission including a first controller operable for selection vof the one or the other direction independently of a change in said rates, a second controller operable for selection of one or the other'rates independently of change in direction, other control means operative for substantially simultaneously effecting a' change in direction and a change in rate, and means limiting the operationof said other controller to effect the changes in the order recited.

2. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable tool spindle, a work support reciprocable in a direction transverse to the axis ofsaid spindle, transmission mechanism for rotation of said spindle, a transmission for movement of said work support including a feedratechanger and means shiftable' for support actuation at the, feed rate determined by said rate changer or. at an alternative and for support movement in alternative directions; and control mechanism for said transmls-'- sion including a plurality, of controllers each in-;

dependently operable and respectively for selec= tion of said directions and for selection of said rates, and other control means operative for substantially simultaneously changing both said 'di'- rection and rate and limited to operation in the I order recited.

3. In a machine tool, the combination of a tool "support and a work support, a;transmission for relative movement of said supports including means shiftable for alternative actuation at a feed rate or at a relatively fast quick traverse rate and for alternative directions of said relative movement;' and control mechanism for said transmission including a first manually operable controller for selection of said direction independently of change in rate, a second controller manually operable for selection of said rates independently of a change in direction, and a dog uick traverse rate controlled means for substantially simultaneous change of both direction and rate and limited to to operation in the order recited. I

4. In a milling machine thecombination of a.

rotatable tool spindle, a work support reciprocable in a direction transverse to the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for rotation of said spindle, a transmission for movement of said work support including a feed rate train, a quick ,traverse rate train, a shiftable reverser for effecting alternative support directions, and a selector shiftable for alternative actuation of saidsupport through the one or the other of said trains; and control mechanism for said transmission including a plurality of independently manually operable-controllers respectively for selection of said alternative support directions and for selection of the one or the other of said rates, and dog operable means for the substantially simultaneous change 'of both direction and rate and'limited to opera n in the order recited.

5. In a machine tool, the combination of a tool support and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports including a feed rate train, a quick traverse r'ate train, and means shiftable to eflect said relative movement in alternative directions and alternatively from the one or the other of said trains; and control mechanism for said transmission including a ation, and means operative only upon operation of said dog controlled means to urge said shiftable means in the directioneffectlngsaid relative movement from said quick traverse train. 6. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable tool spindle, a work support recipro cable in a direction transverse to the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for rotation of "said'spindle, a transmission for movement of said work support including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, and means shiftable to eiiect said rel'ative' movement in either direction and alternatively through the one or the other" of said. trains;- and control mechanism for said transmission including a pluralityiof manually' operable controllers respectively for a change in said direction independently of a change in rate.

means in the direction effecting movement of a said support through said quick traverse train.

7. ,In'a machine'tool, the combination of a tool support and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports including a feed rate train. a quick traverse rate train, and

' means shiftable "for alternative directions of said relativemovement and for alternative actuation through the one or the other of said trains; and

.controlmechanism for said transmission including'a first manually operable controller for selection of the one or the other direction independently ofa change in rate, a second controller manually operable for selection of said trains independently of a change in direction, and a dog operable means controlled to shift and shiftable resulting direction position'invaiiably to urge said shiftable means toward a position effecting said relative movement from said quick traverse train.

8. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable tool spindle',.a work support reciprocable in'a direction transverse to the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for rotation of said spindle, a transmission for movement of said operation of said reverser and of said selector,-

and dog controlled means operative for the substantially simultaneous operation, of said selector and reverser including means operable to shift said reverser out of either direction position thereof to the other direction position andoperative in either direction of shifting of said reverser to urge said selector in the 'direction to effect movement of 'said support from said, quick traverse train. 1

9. In a machine tool, the combination of atool support and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, a shiftable reverser operative to change the direc-' tion of said relative movement, and a selector shiftable to eifect said relative movement alternatively from the one or the other of said trains;

. eluding a first manually operable controller forv and control mechanism for saidtransmission inoperation of said reverser independently of said selector, asecond manually operable controller independently operable for operation of said selector, other control means including dog controlled means for substantially simultaneous operation of said selector and said reverser, and" stillother control means including dog operable meansfor independently shifting said reverser and selector. b a

10. In a machine tool, the combination of tool support and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, av

shiftable reverser operative to change the direction of said relative movement, and a selector shiftable to efiect said relative movement alternatively from the one or the other off said trains;

and control mechanism for said transmission in-I eluding a first manually operable controller for operation of said reverser, a second manuallyoperable controller for operation of said selector, said first and second controllers being selec tively manuallyoperable for independentor for in a direction effecting said relative movement from said quick traverse train.

simultaneous operation, and a 'third controller including dog controlled means invariably effective both for operation of said reverser and for substantially simultaneously urging said'selector 11. In amachine tool, the combination of a tool support and a work support, a transmission a first controller for shifting said reverser, a second controller for shifting said selector, each of said controllers including. both manually operable and dog operable elements adapted for independent operation of the'diiferent controllers,

- another controller-including a dog operable element adapted upon actuation to effect shifting of said reverser from the one to the other direction position thereof, and means controlled by the operation of the last mentioned controller to urge said selector in the direction effecting said relative movement from said quick traverse train.

12. In a machine tool, the combination of a tool support and a work support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports either of opposite directions including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, a shiftable reverser having positions respectively efiective for opposite support movement and a motion interrupting position, a selector shiftable for eflecting said support movement alternatively from the one or the other of said trains, a shifter for selectively positioning and retaining said reverser in any of said positions, anindependently operable shifter for positioning said selector, a'power train 'connectible for the operation of said reverser through said motion interruption position, a controller shiftable for interrupting or establishing the connection of said power train, means normally continuously urgingsaid controller to train v interrupting position and means for shifting said motion'interrupting position, a selector shiftable for relative movement of saidsupports including a feed rate train, a quick traverse rate train, a

f shiftable reverser operative to change the direction of ,said relative movement, and a selector shiftable. to elfect said relative movement alter-5 natively from the one or the other of said trains,

for eifecting said support movement alternatively from the one or the other of said trains,

a shifter for selectively positioning and retaining said reverser in any of said positions, an in-' dependently operable shifter for positioning said selector, a power train connec'tible for the operation of said reverser through said motion interrupting position and shifting -of said selector shifter in'a direction effecting support movement from said quick traverse train, control means shiftable for interrupting or establishing the connection of said power train, means normally continuously urging said control means to the position interrupting said train connection, means for shifting said control means to theposition' establishing the connection of said power train, and means limiting the connection of said power means to said selector shifter to be effected subsequently to the movement of said reverser through said motion interrupting position.

14. In a milling machine the combination of a rotatable spindle, a work support recimjocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle, power mechanism for rotation of said spindle, a transmission for movement of said work support including reverser means shiftable to opposite direction positions and to a motion interrupting position,'and selector means shiftable for alternative actuation of said support at a feed rate or at a relatively'fast quick traverse rate, a first and second shifter each independently operable and respectively for shifting said reverser means and selector means, a power train connectible for other of said direction positions, dogs movable in accordance with the movement of said work support and operable to shift said first and second shifters, control means shiftable for connecting transmission and control mechanism for saidrelative movement including shiftable reversing and interrupting mechanism and a selector shiftable to efiect alternative operation at a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for operating said reversing and interrupting mechanism and for operating said selector, said controllers each including a plurality of elements respectively manually operable and dog-operable,

and otherscontrol means including power means 25 operable for substantially simultaneously reversing. and changing the rate of said transmission, said other control means being-normally inoperative' and including a dog-operable element controlling operation thereof.

16. In a machine tool, the combination of a plurality of relatively movable supports and trans mission and control mechanism for said relative movement including reversing and interrupting mechanism and a selector shiftable to effect alfast quick'traverserate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for operat ing said reversing and interrupting mechanism and -for. shifting said selector, said controllers g each including a plurality of elements respectively manually operable and dog-operable,-other control means'including power means operable for substantially simultaneously reversing and chang. 1

ing the rate of said transmission, and means i ,controlling operation of said other'control means including a dogsoperable element for connecting said power means, and means limiting the opera- ,tion thereof to reversal and rate change' in the 50 17. In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and'a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle the combination of transmission mechanism for rotation of said spindle and actuation of said support in-' Y 55 cluding support reversing and interrupting.

means and a selector 'shiftable for alternative actuation of ,said support at a feed rate or at a relatively fast -quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively 60 for operation of said reversing and interrupting means and for shifting said selectorpsaid controllers each including a plurality of elements respectively manually operable and dog operable, and other control, means including power means 70 combination of transmission mechanism for 'ro-n tation of said spindle and actuation of said support including support reversing 'and interrupt ing means and means for alternative actuation of said support at a feed ratevor at a relatively 75 fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independand disconnecting said train, means normally.

) ternative operation at a feed rate or a relatively ently operable controllers respectively for opera tion of said reversing and interrupting means and for effecting a change from the one to the other of said rates, said controllers each including a plurality of elements respectively manual- 5 1y operable and dog operable, other control means including power means operable for substantially simultaneously reversing and changing the rate of said transmission, dog operable means controlling the operation of said power means, and means limiting the operation of said other control means to eilect reversal and rate chanse in the order recited.

l9.-In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a 1.7 path transverse to the axis of said spindle, the combination of transmission mechanism for rotation of said spindle and actuation of said support including support-reversing and interruptingfineans and means for alternative actuation of said support at a feed rate or at a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for operation of said reversing interrupting means and ior'effecting a change from the one to the other 2 of said rates. said controller each including a plurality of elements respectively manually operable and dog operable, othericontrol means including dog controlled power means for effecting reversal and rate change, and means limiting the operation of said other control means to eifect reversal followed by a quick traverse ratesubstantially simultaneously in the order'recited.

20. In a machine tool the combination of a plurality 'of elatively movable supports and transmission and control mechanism for support movement including reversing and interrupting mechanism and mechanism for alternative oper-. ation at a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality, of independently oper- 1 able controllers respectively foroperating said reversing and interrupting mechanism and for effecting a change from the one to the other of said rates, said controllers each including-a plu- I rality oifelements. respectively manually operable and dog operable, and other control means including power means for eifecting reversal of said mechanism, said other control means being 'normally inoperative and including a dog operable element controlling operation thereof.

21. In a milling machine having 'a'rotatabla spindle and 'a work support reciprocable in a pathtransverse to the axis of said spindle, the combination of transmission mechanism for'ro- I tation of said spindle and actuation of said support including support reversing and interrupteration of said reversing andinterruptingmeans v and for efl'ecting a change from the one to the other of said rates, said-controllers each includ: ing a plurality of elements respectively manually operable and dog operable, and other control, means including power means for eiiecting re versal of said support, said other'oontrol means being normally inoperative and including "a dog operable element controlling operation thereof.

- 22. In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable'in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle-the combination of a spindle transmission including means shiftablefor alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotation, a support trans- 23. In a milling machine having .a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a pathtransverse to the axis of said spindle, the combination of a spindle transmission including means shiftable for alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotation, a suppogg transmission including reversing and interru ing means and means for alternatively eifecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for effecting alternative reversal or interruption of said support .and for effecting different of said rates, and other control means for substantially simultaneously reversing said support, changing the rate thereof and shifting said shiftable means,

said other control means including means limit ing said reversal to take place prior to the-other effects mentioned. 24. In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle the combination of a spindle transmission including means shiftable for alternatively establishing or. interincluding reversing and interrupting means and means for alternatively effecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a. plurality of independently operable controllers respectively'for eflfecting alternative reversal or interruption of said support and for eifecting different of said rates, and other control means for substantially simultaneously reversing said support, changing the rate thereof and shifting said shiftable means and including means limiting the order thereof to the order recited.

25. In .a-milling machine having a rotatable I spindle. and a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle the combination of a spindle transmission including means shiftable for alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotation, a support transmission. including reversing and interrupting means and means for alternatively effecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for effecting alternative reversal or interruption of said support and for effecting different of said rates, and other control means for substantially simultaneously reversing said support, changing the rate thereof and shifting said shiftable means and including means limiting said reversal and shifting to the order recited.

26. Ina milling machine having a. rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a path means for alternatively effecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for effecting alternative reversal or interrup- 7 tion of said support andfor effectingdiil'erent transverse to the axis of said spindle, the combi-' of said rates, said controllers each including a dog operable element and a manually. operable element, and other control means for substantially simultaneously reversing said 'support,- changing therate thereof and shifting said shiftable means and including means limiting the order thereof to the order recited, said other control means beingnormall inoperative,

and a dog movable in accordance wi h movement of'sald support to effect operation'of said other -control means.

27. In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said @pindlathecombination of a spindle transmission including means shiftable for alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotati0n,'a support transmission including reversing and interrupting means and means for alternatively effecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for effecting alternative reversal or interruption of said support and forindependently effecting different of said rates, and other control means including power means for substantially simultaneously reversing said support, changing the rate thereof and shifting said shiftable means said other control means including means limiting said reversal to take place prior to the other effects mentioned.

28. In a milling machine having a rotatable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle, the combination of a spindle transmission including means rupting spindle rotation, a supportt i shiftable for alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotation, a support transmission including reversing and'interrupting means and means for alternatively eiiecting'a feed rate or a relativelyfast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for effecting alternative-reversal or interruption of said support and for effecting different of said rates,.said controllers each including a dog operable element and a manually operable element,

other'control means including power operable spindle and a work support reciprocable in a path transverse to the axis of said spindle, the

combination of a spindle transmission including means shiftable for alternatively establishing or interrupting spindle rotation, a support transmission including reversing and interrupting means and means for alternatively effecting a feed rate or a relatively fast quick traverse rate, a plurality of independently operable controllers respectively for'effecting alternative reversal or interruption of said support and' for effecting different of said rates, said controllers each ineluding a dog operable element and a manually operable element, other control means including power operable means or substantially simultaneously reversing said support, changing the rate thereof and shifting said shiftable means, and a power train, connectible for operation of said other control means, said other control means including a'dog operable element shiftable for connection of said power train, a. dog movable in accordance with movement or said support for shifting the element last mentioned, and means limiting the operation thereof to an order in which both said rate change and said shifting of said shiftable means takes place subsequent to said support reversal.

30. A milling machine as specified in claim 14, in which the power train includes a fluid pres sure source ible for operation from said source and connected for operation of the reverser.

31. A machine tool as specified in claim 16 in which the power means includes power operated pump means and a plurality of piston devices each connectible for operation from said pump means and respectively connected for operation of the reversing mechanism and of the selector. 32. A milling machine as specified in claim 27- in which the power means includes power operated pump means and a plurality of piston devices each connectible for operation from said pump means and respectively connected for op-\ erationof the reverser, for effecting the rate change and for shifting the shiftable means.

of controllers respectively for shifting said shiftable means for ,efiecting a change in direction and a fluid operable piston connect-- independently of a change in rate, and for shifting said shiftable means for eflecting a change in rate independently of a change in direction, another controller for shifting said shiftable means for substantially simultaneously effecting a change in both direction and rate, a manually operable element mounted for movement in a plurality of transverse paths, one of which is substantially parallel with the movement of said support, means connecting said element for movement in the last mentioned path to operate said independent direction controller and for movement in the other path to operate said independent rate controller, and a dog operable element controlling the operation of saidother controller. X 35. In a machine tool, the combinationof a ;tool support anda work' support, a transmission for relative movement of said supports including a feedg'ate train, a quick traverse rate train, a shiftable reverser having positions respectively effective for opposite support movement and a motion interrupting position, and a selector shiftable for effecting said support movement alternatively i'rom' the one or the other of said trains, a shifter for selectively positioning and retaining said reverser in any of said positions, an independently operable shifter for selectively positioning said selector, a power train connectlble for the operation of said reverser from one of said eflective positions through said motion interrupting position, and means'controlling the connection of said power train including a dog movable in accordance with said relative movement, said power train including a fluid pressure source and fluid operable shitting means connectible for operation from said source and connected to operate said reverser.

FRED A. PARSONS. 

